Colonoscopy is a medical examination that allows visualization of the interior of the colon and rectum. It is an important procedure for diagnosing and tracking various intestinal conditions, including colorectal cancer, polyps, intestinal inflammation, and bleeding.
During a colonoscopy, an endoscopist places a flexible tube called a colonoscope into the rectum and guides it through the colon. The colonoscope has a camera at the tip, which transmits real-time images to a monitor, allowing the doctor to carefully examine the inner wall of the colon for abnormalities.
To prepare for a colonoscopy, it is necessary to perform adequate bowel cleansing, following medical instructions. This involves ingesting a cleaning solution or using laxatives to completely empty the colon, allowing a clear view during the procedure.
If polyps are found during the colonoscopy, they can be removed through polypectomy techniques. The removal of polyps is important, as some of them can become cancerous over time. Tissue biopsy can also be performed during the procedure for further analysis.
Colonoscopy is usually performed under sedation to ensure patient comfort. The procedure takes about 20 to 40 minutes, depending on the extent of the view required.
After the colonoscopy, it is normal to feel some mild side effects, such as abdominal bloating, gas, and cramps. These symptoms usually disappear quickly. However, it is important to report any intense pain, rectal bleeding, or fever to the doctor, as these may be signs of complications.
Colonoscopy is a valuable examination for the early detection of colon cancer and other colon-related diseases. It is recommended for people over 50 years old, or 45 years old for those with additional risk factors. It is an effective and safe examination, but like any medical procedure, there are associated risks, such as intestinal perforation or adverse reactions to sedation. However, these complications are rare.
In summary, colonoscopy is a fundamental examination for the early detection and diagnosis of colon diseases. It is a safe and effective procedure, which requires adequate preparation. By following medical guidelines, it is possible to obtain accurate results and ensure long-term intestinal health.
Be sure to schedule your regular colonoscopy, especially if you have a family history of gastrointestinal diseases. It is important to follow medical instructions and have regular check-ups to maintain colon health and prevent serious diseases.