Endoscopy is a widely used imaging test by doctors to obtain information about the digestive system. But when is it really necessary to undergo an endoscopy?
In addition to aiding in the diagnosis of diseases and conditions, endoscopy can also be used to perform treatments.
That is, the examination helps in the investigation of symptoms, assists in the performance of certain procedures, and allows the collection of tissues for biopsy.
Understand when it is necessary to undergo an endoscopy, how the procedure works, and what is required to prepare for it.
Types of digestive tract endoscopy
There are different types of endoscopy that can be performed with the aim of examining the digestive system. The main ones are:
- Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: an examination that aims to analyze the esophagus, stomach, and upper part of the intestine (duodenum);
- Colonoscopy: a type of examination that evaluates the large intestine;
- Endoscopic ultrasound: the goal is to obtain images of the layers of the digestive tube wall and nearby structures;
- Capsule endoscopy: an electronic device ingested by the patient that emits images via wireless to a receiver. Generally, doctors opt for this examination to evaluate the small intestine.
When is it necessary to undergo an endoscopy?
Given certain symptoms, the doctor may request the performance of endoscopy:
- Anorexia or unexplained weight loss;
- Heartburn or pyrosis (burning sensation in the stomach);
- Pain in the upper abdomen;
- Dark stools;
- Frequent nausea and vomiting;
- Reflux;
- Vomiting accompanied by blood.
An endoscopy may be necessary when the doctor wants to identify tumors, both in the stomach and esophagus.
Depending on risk factors, such as family medical history or Barrett’s esophagus, the doctor may request the examination during check-ups.
What is the preparation for an endoscopy?
Preparation for the endoscopy examination involves fasting for 12 hours and consuming only mushy and light foods the day before, such as soups, broths, and juices.
The patient also needs to be accompanied by a person over the age of 18, as it is not possible to undergo the examination alone.
In addition, the patient should receive anesthesia to remain calm and stable throughout the procedure.
How is endoscopy performed?
After administering anesthesia, the doctor responsible for the examination introduces a flexible tube with a camera attached to the tip (endoscope) through the patient’s throat. The equipment transmits the images in real-time on a monitor.
The doctor guides the endoscope through the digestive tract, analyzes the condition of the tissues, takes pictures, and can remove material for biopsy if something needs to be investigated more closely.
The procedure lasts a few minutes, and the patient is monitored from start to finish, heartbeats are followed, and a source of oxygen remains close by.
Learn when it is necessary to undergo an endoscopy and other information about the examination on EndoBlog
On EndoBlog you can clear up doubts about when it is necessary to undergo an endoscopy, what is needed to prepare, and which conditions can be identified in this examination.
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Residência em Endoscopia Digestiva no Hospital das Clínicas da USP (HCFMUSP)
Residência em Gastroenterologia no Hospital Universitário da UFSC
Presidente da SOBED / SC na gestão 2018-2020
Médico da clínica Endogastro em Florianópolis e ProGastro em Joinville