The feeling of a lump in the throat is one of the most common complaints of people, especially in winter, that period where respiratory diseases appear more frequently due to low temperatures.

And when it comes to the respiratory system, in addition to being essential for the proper functioning of this system, the throat is an area that, at the slightest sign of abnormality, deserves some attention.

This is because throat pains, even though they are very characteristic of this season, can be a warning sign of a slightly more serious problem, and being aware of these symptoms and being aware of the best measures is super valid.

So get to know from now on, everything you need to know to treat or even avoid this disorder.

Will you join me?

What is the feeling of a lump in the throat?

To understand everything correctly, we need to know more about this subject part by part, from its definition, through the causes to the main care for prevention and treatment.

See each part…

First of all, the feeling of a lump in the throat is basically a very common discomfort that sometimes happens to us. Although initially it does not represent anything serious, like any other novelty in our body, we need to pay attention and even take some care.

Most of the time these discomforts are caused mainly by throat clearing which is a secretion that occurs in the region of the vocal folds and that cause some difficulty in breathing.

However, other specific symptoms such as inflammations due to low immunity, among others, may also appear.

See the main causes…

Causes of the feeling of a lump in the throat

With the exception of throat clearing, which is the most common cause, the causes can be numerous such as: tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, allergies, flu infections and even excessive use of the voice. 

However, among the most frequent causes are:

• Anxiety and stress;
• Gastroesophageal reflux;
• Thyroid problems;
• Cancer.

Anxiety and stress

Did you know that the feeling of a lump in the throat can also be the result of emotional imbalance?

You can bet it can!

Emotions interfere a lot in our health in general and one of the most common symptoms is precisely this feeling of a lump in the throat.

In addition to the well-known tightness in the chest and nausea that characterize emotional instability, muscle tension in the throat region is the most present consequence of the process of anxiety and stress.

Gastroesophageal reflux

Often mentioned when we talk about problems related to the throat and affecting approximately ¼ of the Brazilian population, according to recent research, gastroesophageal reflux is one of the main causes of the feeling of a lump in the throat.

It is an involuntary and sometimes repetitive return of the gaseous, liquid and solid content of the stomach to the esophagus that in addition to this feeling of a lump, causes burning and pain.

But, this can be reversed from a change in diet and daily routine, in addition to the evaluation of a specialist.

Thyroid problems

Another cause that can be the reason for the feeling of a lump in the throat are thyroid problems or, as they are better known, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

This is because, these problems that are originated by the alteration in the thyroid gland that is located in the neck region, cause discomfort in this region due to its increase.

In cases of suspected thyroid alteration, the ideal is to seek a specialist to treat with the appropriate therapy and inhibit more serious problems that may arise in the future.

Cancer

And speaking of something more serious, cancer is currently considered one of the evils of the present century, and cancer located in the neck or esophagus region can be one of the causes of the feeling of a lump when swallowing.

At first we imagine a common inflammation that is quite natural in temperature changes, however, the appearance of pains followed by difficulty swallowing and the presence of hoarseness may indicate the presence of nodules in the neck region.

In this case, as it is a suspicion of cancer, the most indicated is to seek a doctor as soon as possible for the necessary exams and consequently prevent this disease, because the earlier the diagnosis, the more chance of reversing the situation.

And speaking of prevention, let’s see the best ways to start treating the feeling of a lump in the throat even at home?

Symptoms associated with the feeling of a lump in the throat

As we talked a little while ago, this feeling of a lump in the throat can be associated with other symptoms such as: pharyngitis, laryngitis, allergies, flu infections and even excessive use of the voice.

For this reason, it is necessary to seek a specialist for a deeper analysis.

Treatments and home remedies to relieve this sensation

The home ways to relieve the feeling of a lump in the throat are very simple and super known to all of us.

Who has never heard someone older say: take a little tea and it will pass?

All of us, right?

It’s not a myth. Many of the home remedies that exist and that we are going to show you now, are passed down from generation to generation and very used before seeking a specialist and this can contribute a lot to recovery.

Among these home alternatives, stand out:

• Regular water intake;
• Warm water compress;
• Gargles with warm water and salt;
• Chamomile tea;
• Ginger tea;
• Lemon tea.

If your case is something atypical, it is worth trying some of these suggestions, as actions like this can help alleviate the feeling of a lump in the throat.

When to seek medical help for the feeling of a lump in the throat?

After using some of the recipes we talked about and the feeling of a lump in the throat does not stop or even decrease, the ideal is to immediately seek a specialist for a more accurate and detailed evaluation.

When seeking a doctor (gastroenterologist, pulmonologist or head and neck surgeon), he will perform some specific exams to know the real cause and once the cause is found, the necessary medication will be prescribed for recovery.

But you don’t need to worry. Sometimes the pains only cease with the use of the appropriate medication and following the correct schedule.

When we feel any abnormality in our body it is clear that we always try to solve it with our experience or even with advice from those closest to us, however it is always necessary to seek medical advice.

This is because, just like any other type of alteration, this disorder can be something simple, but it can also be a warning that we cannot overlook.

Don’t let curiosity pass and access.

A hug,

See you later.

Achalasia is a health condition that can affect the quality of life of affected individuals; therefore, it is of fundamental importance to have knowledge about the subject and know how to deal with the problem.

Discover the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for achalasia, a disorder of the esophagus that causes difficulty in swallowing. Read more here! 

What is achalasia?

Achalasia is a rare disease of the digestive system that affects the ability of the esophagus to perform adequate peristaltic movements and properly relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) during swallowing. 

This condition leads to a series of problems in the process of passing food and liquids from the esophagus to the stomach, resulting in symptoms such as difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), regurgitation, chest pain,  heartburn and weight loss.

The esophagus is a muscular organ that transports food from the throat to the stomach through coordinated muscle contractions, called peristalsis. 

However, in achalasia, there is a deterioration of the nerve cells that control these contractions, resulting in an inability of the esophagus to properly push food.

The LES, located at the lower end of the esophagus, also does not relax properly during swallowing, thus preventing the proper passage of food to the stomach, which accumulates in the esophagus, leading to dilation (increase) of the organ.

This disease is chronic and can be progressive over time. 

Because of this, proper diagnosis and treatment are essential to control symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients suffering from the situation.

Causes of achalasia

Achalasia is divided into primary and secondary. The primary, or idiopathic is the one in which its cause cannot be identified. In the secondary, achalasia has a defined cause, such as collagen diseases (rheumatic diseases) and in Brazil, mainly, Chagas disease. 

Today we are going to talk about primary achalasia.

Although the exact causes of the disease are not fully understood, researchers have made significant progress in identifying the factors that may contribute to the development of this condition.

One of the main theories about the causes of achalasia involves problems in the nervous system. 

It is believed that an autoimmune disorder may be associated with the degeneration of the nerves that control the peristaltic movements of the esophagus and the opening and closing of the lower esophageal sphincter.

In addition, studies suggest a possible genetic predisposition, which means that the disease can be inherited from an affected family member.

Another hypothesis is that viral or bacterial infections, such as the herpes simplex virus, may trigger an autoimmune response that results in the deterioration of the nerves involved in esophageal function.

On the other hand, some researchers also suggest that certain environmental factors, such as exposure to toxic substances or pollutants, may play a role in the manifestation of the disease.

Although knowledge about the causes of achalasia has advanced, there is still much to be discovered.

Continuing research in this area has been fundamental to improving existing treatments and helping to prevent the development of this debilitating condition.

Symptoms of achalasia

Achalasia can cause several uncomfortable symptoms, the main ones being:

Dysphagia

The difficulty in swallowing is one of the most common symptoms of the disease.

Patients may feel that food or liquids get stuck in the middle of the chest, in addition to the sensation of difficulty in conducting them to the stomach.  

This can lead to frequent choking and a persistent sensation of obstruction in the throat.

Regurgitation

Regurgitation is one of the most common characteristics of those dealing with the condition, and occurs when the content of the esophagus, which is accumulated, returns to the mouth, generating a bitter or acidic taste. 

This reflux can be inconvenient and unpleasant, and can occur especially after meals.

Chest pain

Many patients report chest pain, which can be mild or intense, and is usually felt shortly after meals or during the ingestion of liquids.

Weight loss

As the difficulty in swallowing can lead to reduced food intake, some patients experience significant weight loss and need nutritional attention to manage the situation of exaggerated loss.

Constant feeling of fullness

The feeling that food gets stuck in the esophagus can lead to a constant feeling of fullness, even after small meals, which can lead to the patient’s weight loss, who stops eating properly because of this symptom.

Cough and frequent pneumonias

The regurgitation of the contents of the esophagus can lead to the aspiration of food or liquids into the lungs, resulting in chronic cough or recurrent pneumonias.

Although it is not a frequent symptom or that appears with accuracy in all cases, it should be taken into consideration since its occurrence is not discarded.

It is important to highlight that achalasia is a condition that requires adequate medical attention. 

Symptoms can worsen over time, causing significant impacts on the patient’s quality of life. 

Therefore, if someone presents these symptoms persistently, it is essential to seek guidance from a health professional for an adequate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Treatment options for achalasia

The treatment of achalasia aims to relieve symptoms and improve the patient’s quality of life. 

There are several therapeutic options available, each with its advantages and limitations, and the choice of the most appropriate treatment will depend on the patient’s individual profile and conditions.

One of the options is esophageal dilation, a minimally invasive procedure performed through endoscopy. 

In this method, a balloon is inflated in the esophagus to stretch and widen the narrowed region, allowing better food flow. 

Another alternative is the injection of botulinum toxin into the lower esophageal sphincter, which temporarily relaxes the muscle, facilitating swallowing.

Laparoscopic surgical myotomy is a more definitive option, in which the sphincter is cut or partially removed, improving the emptying of the esophagus. 

This intervention presents good long-term results, but also involves surgical risks.

Recently, an innovative endoscopic approach called POEM (Submucosal Layer Endoscopic Myotomy) has emerged, in which a tunnel is created in the esophageal wall to reach the sphincter and perform the myotomy, with less impact on the patient and faster recovery.

In cases of high surgical risk, pharmacological therapy may be considered to reduce symptoms and improve food passage. 

The use of calcium channel blockers and nitrates can help relax the lower esophageal sphincter.

It should be noted that the choice of treatment will be determined by the severity of the disease, the patient’s general health condition and individual preferences, therefore, it is essential that the doctor evaluates each case in a personalized way to ensure the best possible result. 

It is also important that the patient follows the appropriate medical follow-up to monitor the progression of the disease and adjust the therapeutic approach as necessary.

How to deal with the difficulty in swallowing caused by achalasia?

Dealing with the difficulty in swallowing caused by achalasia can be challenging, but there are some strategies that can help alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. 

It is important to note that these do not replace proper medical guidance and follow-up. Always consult a health professional for a correct diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan. 

Here are some tips that may be useful:

Changes in diet

Eating small portions of food and chewing them well can help facilitate swallowing.

Opt for soft and easy-to-swallow foods, avoiding those that may cause obstruction, such as dry or very fibrous foods.

Drink liquids

Drinking liquids during meals can help push food down and reduce the sensation of blockage in the esophagus.

Proper posture

Stay in an upright position during and after meals, as this can facilitate the passage of food through the esophagus.

Avoid eating before bed

Try to have your meals with an adequate interval before going to bed to avoid food getting stuck in the esophagus during sleep.

Elevation of the head of the bed

If achalasia causes nighttime symptoms, raising the head of the bed can help reduce acid reflux and alleviate the sensation of obstruction.

Always remember to follow your doctor’s recommendations and inform him about any changes in symptoms or new problems that may arise. 

In summary, although achalasia can be a challenge for both patients and health professionals, hope lies in current and future therapeutic approaches, as well as in awareness about the disease and its early diagnosis. 

With continuous efforts in medical research and proper care like these that you found here, we can provide a better quality of life and a more peaceful future for those facing the challenges of the disease.

Image by brgfx on Freepik

Discover everything you need to know about ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the large intestine and rectum.

If you’re looking for detailed information about this disease, its symptoms, and available treatment options, EndoBlog is the right place!

In this article, understand the main aspects of ulcerative colitis. Happy reading!

What is ulcerative colitis

Ulcerative colitis, also known as colitis ulcerosa, is a chronic disease that is part of the group of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), mainly affecting the large intestine, resulting in inflammation and ulcers in the intestinal mucosa.

Although it is more common in adolescents and young adults, it manifests in people of different age groups.

Ulcerative colitis is distinct from Crohn’s disease, another form of IBD.

While UC specifically affects the large intestine, sparing the small intestine, Crohn’s disease can affect any region of the gastrointestinal tract, both the small and large intestines, and presents with alternating areas of inflammation and healthy tissue.

Ulcerative colitis: symptoms

Ulcerative colitis presents characteristic symptoms, and one of the main ones is diarrhea, with the presence of blood in the stool.

This diarrheal condition occurs due to inflammation of the intestinal wall, which interferes with the proper absorption of water by the body. The ulcerations in the intestine trigger bleeding, resulting in the release of blood in the stool.

In addition to bloody diarrhea, other common symptoms of ulcerative colitis are abdominal pain, cramps, and an urgent need to evacuate. Abdominal pain is felt at different intensities and locations, often accompanied by cramps.

The bleeding resulting from ulcerative colitis can cause anemia, due to continuous blood loss. Anemia, in turn, contributes to the development of additional symptoms, such as fatigue and tiredness.

Ulcerative colitis: treatments

Although there is no definitive cure for ulcerative colitis, proper treatment helps control symptoms and maintain a good quality of life.

The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation and keep the disease in remission. With medical follow-up and a personalized therapeutic plan, including dietary re-education and medication, symptoms are minimized, and the achievement of well-being is undeniable.

Even though it is possible to manage the disease, flare-ups occur throughout the patient’s life. The treatment aims to control symptoms, reduce inflammation, and prolong periods of remission.

How the diagnosis is made

To diagnose ulcerative colitis, the doctor will consider the possibility of other diseases with similar symptoms and will perform a series of tests to rule out these other possible causes, such as infections.

The tests frequently used in the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis are:

• Stool test: to rule out infections and check for blood in the stool;
• Blood test: to reveal signs of inflammation in the body and identify antibodies related to ulcerative colitis;
• Sigmoidoscopy: allows visualization of the rectum and the lower portion of the colon.
• Colonoscopy: a more comprehensive examination, which allows the visualization of the entire colon and the end of the small intestine.

Learn more about colonoscopy at EndoBlog

A colonoscopy is one of the main exams for the confirmation of the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. With it, the doctor will assess the degree of inflammation, the extent of the disease, and rule out other similar conditions.

Learn more about colonoscopy and other exams for the diagnosis of conditions in the digestive system. Browse through the contents of EndoBlog.

Bowel cancer is a serious disease that can be successfully treated if detected early. Learn more about symptoms, diagnosis and treatment here.

It is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, but when detected early, it has a high cure rate.

The initial symptoms of this type of cancer can go unnoticed, highlighting the importance of awareness and regular check-ups.

To learn more, continue reading!

What is bowel cancer?

Bowel cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that affects the colon and rectum, and can affect both men and women, especially those over 50 years of age. 

It develops, in most cases, from benign lesions called polyps, which can become cancerous over time. 

If not detected and treated early, this disease can spread to other parts of the body. 

It is essential to seek medical assistance if there is suspicion of cancer, for an adequate diagnosis and, thus, increase the patient’s chances of cure. 

Risk factors include a family history of colorectal cancer, advanced age, unhealthy lifestyle, and certain medical conditions. 

Prevention should be prioritized to avoid the onset of this condition and future complications. 

Awareness and early detection play a crucial role in improving survival rates and effective treatment of this disease.

Symptoms of bowel cancer

It is important to know the symptoms of this type of cancer, as early diagnosis increases the chances of treatment and cure.

The symptoms of bowel cancer can vary from person to person, but there are some common signs to watch out for. 

For example, one of the main symptoms is a change in bowel habits, such as persistent diarrhea, constipation or alternation between the two.

The presence of blood in the stool or rectal bleeding can also occur.

Other symptoms include persistent abdominal pain, feeling of bloating or abdominal discomfort, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, weakness and anemia due to chronic loss.

In more advanced stages, the condition of the disease can cause intestinal obstruction, resulting in vomiting, nausea and abdominal distension.

It is important to note that these symptoms can be caused by various conditions, not just this specific type of cancer. 

However, if you are feeling or going through any of these symptoms, especially if they are persistent, it is essential to seek a doctor for an adequate evaluation to be carried out.

Diagnosis of bowel cancer

The diagnosis of the disease usually involves a combination of clinical examinations, imaging tests and laboratory tests.

The initial symptoms, as we have seen, can vary and include changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, to unexplained weight loss and fatigue.

To confirm the diagnosis, a colonoscopy is necessary, an examination that allows the doctor to view the inside of the colon and rectum. During the colonoscopy, biopsies of suspicious tissue can also be performed, which will be examined by a pathologist.

In addition to these, some imaging tests, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, may be requested to determine the extent of the cancer and whether there are metastases in other organs.

Early diagnosis is crucial for the effective treatment of bowel cancer. 

Therefore, seek a doctor as soon as possible if there is suspicion of the disease so that the diagnosis can be made as soon as possible.

Treatment of bowel cancer

The treatment depends on several factors, such as the stage of the disease, the location of the tumor and the patient’s overall health. 

The main treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy.

Surgery is often the first treatment option for the disease.

The goal is to remove the tumor and any affected surrounding tissues.

Depending on the stage of the cancer, a local resection may be performed, where only the tumor and a little normal tissue are removed, or a more extensive resection, where a part of the colon or rectum is removed. 

In some cases, it may be necessary to create a colostomy, ileostomy temporary or permanent.

Chemotherapy is another common treatment option. It involves the use of drugs to destroy cancer cells or prevent their growth. 

Chemotherapy can be administered before surgery to reduce the size of the tumor, after surgery to eliminate remaining cancer cells or as palliative treatment in advanced stages of the disease.

Radiotherapy is often combined with chemotherapy before surgery, especially in cases of rectal cancer. 

It involves the use of high-energy radiation to destroy cancer cells or prevent their growth. 

This treatment can also be used after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence of the disease.

Immunotherapy is a relatively new form of treatment for cancer. It uses drugs that stimulate the patient’s immune system to fight cancer cells. 

Such treatment has shown promising results in patients with advanced or metastatic bowel cancer.

Besides the treatments mentioned, patients with this disease can also benefit from supportive therapies, such as nutritional therapy, which aims to ensure adequate nutrition during treatment, and psychological support, which can help patients cope with the emotional impact of the situation.

It is always worth remembering that the treatment for this cancer should be individualized and discussed with a specialized medical team. 

Each case is unique, and the therapeutic approach can vary according to the characteristics of the patient and the cancer. 

Access to adequate treatment is essential to improve the viability of cure and the quality of life of patients suffering from the condition.

Prevention of bowel cancer

The prevention of the disease is of utmost importance for the maintenance of health and well-being. 

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, but many cases could be avoided through adequate preventive measures.

One of the main prevention strategies is the adoption of a healthy lifestyle. 

This includes a balanced diet rich in fiber, with regular consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and low-fat foods.

Besides that, it is essential to limit the consumption of red and processed meat, such as bacon, sausage and ham, which are associated with a higher risk of developing cancer.

Regular physical activity also plays a key role in preventing the problem. 

Aerobic exercises, such as walking, running, swimming or cycling, help to keep the intestine healthy and regulate the digestive system.

Another important factor is the performance of screening tests, as previously discussed, such as colonoscopy, which allows the identification of pre-cancerous lesions or cancer in early stages, when the chances of cure are greater. 

The start of screening tests varies according to family history and other characteristics of each person, therefore, we reinforce that consulting a doctor to determine the best approach is very important.

Another point to be highlighted is to avoid smoking and moderate alcohol consumption to minimize the risks of developing cancer.

With these measures, it is possible to significantly reduce the chances of causing this type of disease and preserve the health of the intestine.

Therefore, bowel cancer is a serious disease that requires attention to symptoms and adequate medical care. 

It is essential that patients and health professionals are aware of the warning signs, promoting awareness and the search for early diagnosis and treatment, thus contributing to better outcomes and a greater survival of patients affected by the disease.

Image from storyset on Freepik

Struggling with reflux? Discover dietary and behavioral measures that can help minimize symptoms and improve your quality of life.

Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a common condition that affects numerous people. 

Symptoms such as heartburn, acid regurgitation, and chest discomfort can be extremely uncomfortable and interfere with the quality of life of those suffering from reflux.

Fortunately, there are dietary and behavioral measures that can help minimize these symptoms and provide relief.

When it comes to reflux, diet plays a crucial role and, therefore, it is important to avoid foods that may trigger excessive stomach acid production.

In addition to diet, certain habits can contribute to worsening the condition and should be managed to not aggravate the situation.

By adopting these measures highlighted here, it is possible to significantly reduce the problems caused by reflux.

Continue reading and understand better how to control this condition in a healthy and natural way.

Avoid foods that trigger reflux

Have you ever experienced that uncomfortable feeling of acid reflux after a meal? 

The burning in the chest, the discomfort in the stomach… It’s really unpleasant, isn’t it?

But did you know that there are certain foods that can trigger this problem? To avoid such discomforts, it is important to know what these foods are and avoid them.

Firstly, it is essential to stay away from fatty foods, such as fried and processed foods. Such foods can trigger excessive stomach acid production, increasing the chances of reflux. 

Opt for lighter and healthier options, such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains.

In addition, carbonated drinks, such as sodas, and caffeine are also known to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, the muscle responsible for keeping acid in the stomach. 

This can result in a greater flow of acid to the esophagus, causing reflux. 

Replace these drinks with water, herbal teas, or natural juices.

Another group of foods to be avoided are acidic foods, such as tomatoes, oranges, and lemons, which aggravate reflux.

The ideal is to choose foods with a more neutral pH, such as bananas and watermelon, for example.

Remember: each person is unique and may react differently to certain foods.  Therefore, it is important to pay attention to your own body and identify which specific foods trigger the reflux process in you. 

By doing this, you will be able to adapt your diet and avoid the discomfort caused by reflux.

Eat smaller, more frequent meals

The strategy is really simple: instead of overloading your stomach with large amounts of food at once, try to divide your meals into smaller portions and spread them throughout the day. 

In this way, you avoid the feeling of bloating caused by reflux and allow your body to process food much more efficiently.

And more than that, by eating smaller, more frequent meals, you keep your metabolism active, which can help in weight loss and control blood sugar levels. 

This means more energy throughout the day and less chance of favoring reflux by feeling tired after a heavy meal. 

Don’t lie down immediately after meals

It’s best to avoid lying down immediately after meals so that the discomfort of reflux doesn’t appear.

This is a valuable tip to keep your digestive health up to date.

When you lie down right after eating, gravity doesn’t help in the digestion process, which can lead to acid reflux, causing heartburn and irritation in the esophagus.

So, how about adopting a healthier and more enjoyable habit? After savoring a delicious meal, allow yourself to enjoy the moment, stretch your legs and take a light walk. 

This light and enjoyable activity helps keep your body moving and stimulates the proper digestion of food.

The ideal is to wait at least 3 hours after meals to lie down and, when doing so, also always take care of your posture, whether sitting or even lying down.

When resting, choose a more upright position to avoid excessive pressure on the stomach. This contributes to better digestion and reduces the chances of reflux.

Therefore, adopting these small cares after meals can make all the difference in your health and in reducing reflux. 

Elevate the head of the bed during sleep

If you suffer from acid reflux and want to enjoy a peaceful night’s sleep, elevate the head of your bed! 

This solution is extremely effective in preventing the nighttime discomforts caused by reflux.

That’s because, by slightly tilting the mattress, you’re helping to keep gastric acid in the stomach, where it really belongs. 

In this way, you avoid the reflux that bothers you so much. And the best part is that this small adjustment requires no additional effort on your part.

Imagine waking up in the morning feeling refreshed and ready to face the day, without that feeling of tiredness and irritability just by having elevated the head of the bed avoiding reflux…

A habit so easy and with great benefits for your quality of life.

Maintain a healthy weight and practice physical activities regularly

Maintaining a healthy weight and adopting a routine of regular physical activities are necessary measures to ward off this gastrointestinal discomfort. 

By maintaining an appropriate weight, you reduce the pressure on the stomach, reducing the risk of digestive acids returning through the esophagus. 

Not only that, a healthy weight brings numerous benefits to your entire body, promoting a general sense of well-being.

Keeping the body active strengthens the muscles of the digestive system, facilitating the digestion process and preventing the accumulation of acid in the stomach. 

Besides that, exercising increases the production of endorphins, hormones that promote a feeling of happiness and stress relief.

So, whatever activity you choose, such as dance, yoga, running, swimming, or even outdoor walks, the benefits to your health will be immeasurable and you will be surprised by the reduction of reflux episodes.

Investing in a healthy lifestyle is the way to get rid of reflux and allow yourself to live without the discomforts of poor digestion.

Conclusion

By following appropriate dietary and behavioral measures, it is possible to minimize the symptoms of reflux and significantly improve the quality of life. 

Pay attention to the foods that trigger this condition.

Other options such as eating smaller, more frequent meals, avoiding lying down immediately after meals, and elevating the head of the bed during sleep to reduce acid regurgitation can be useful in your daily life.

With these guidelines, you will be taking an important step in controlling the symptoms of reflux and promoting a better quality of life.

Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition that affects the small intestine. Discover the symptoms, causes, and treatments in this complete guide.

Being a complex health problem that affects an increasing number of people worldwide, it always requires a careful and informed approach.

So, what exactly is celiac disease? It is a condition in which the immune system, which normally protects our body against unwanted invaders, reacts abnormally to gluten, a protein found in foods such as wheat, barley, and rye.

This reaction triggers an inflammatory response in the small intestine, causing a series of uncomfortable and harmful symptoms.

But don’t worry, understanding celiac disease has advanced significantly in recent years.

Today, we have a better understanding of its causes and treatment options. Medical and nutritional monitoring makes a big difference in helping patients live a healthy and full life, even with this disease.

Prepare to understand more deeply about the details of celiac disease and discover the characteristics of its symptoms, causes, and treatments.

Also learn how to identify the disease, which foods to avoid, and how to adopt a healthy and balanced diet.

Remember that knowledge is the key to facing any health challenge and, armed with the correct information, you can learn to live well with celiac disease.

What is celiac disease?

Celiac disease is a chronic disorder of the immune system triggered by the ingestion of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.

This condition affects about 1% of the world’s population and can manifest at any age.

When a person with celiac disease consumes foods containing gluten, the immune system reacts abnormally, gradually damaging the villi of the small intestine.

These villi are responsible for the proper absorption of essential nutrients from food.

As a result, the person may suffer from nutritional deficiencies, in addition to a series of varied symptoms that affect the body as a whole.

Although celiac disease has no cure, by avoiding foods with wheat, barley, and rye, it is possible to control the symptoms and allow the small intestine to gradually recover.

It is important to emphasize that the complete exclusion of gluten is essential, as even small amounts can trigger significant damage to the body.

Moreover, it is essential that people with celiac disease are followed by health professionals, such as dietitians specialized in gluten-free diet, to ensure a balanced and adequate diet.

This condition also requires attention regarding possible cross-contaminations in restaurants and in processed products, since traces of gluten can trigger the symptoms of the disease that you will know better later.

Even though celiac disease affects the quality of life of those who have it, with proper medical follow-up and a proper diet it is possible to lead a healthy and full life, avoiding long-term complications and enjoying a balanced and tasty diet, free of gluten.

What are the symptoms of celiac disease?

The symptoms of celiac disease can vary significantly from one person to another, making the diagnosis often challenging.

Some individuals may present classic symptoms, while others may have more subtle symptoms or even be asymptomatic.

The most common symptoms of celiac disease include gastrointestinal problems, such as:

1- Chronic diarrhea;

2- Constipation;

3- Flatulence;

4- Abdominal distension;

5- Abdominal pain.

However, other symptoms can also occur outside the gastrointestinal tract, such as unexplained weight loss, fatigue, weakness, anemia, irritability, depression, growth problems in children, and osteoporosis in adults.

And more, celiac disease can cause a series of less common symptoms, such as headaches, tingling in the hands and feet, coordination problems, seizures, infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and skin lesions, such as itchy rashes or blisters.

It is worth noting that the symptoms of celiac disease can vary widely and not all people present the same signs.

In addition, some individuals may develop celiac disease later in life, after years of gluten tolerance.

That’s why it’s crucial to be alert: if you suspect you may have celiac disease, you need to seek medical guidance to make a diagnosis, as the appropriate treatment, which consists of a gluten-free diet, can relieve symptoms and prevent long-term complications.

What causes celiac disease?

It is believed that the disease is triggered by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Genes play a crucial role in the development of celiac disease.

People with certain genetic variants have a higher predisposition to develop the condition.

However, not all people with these genetic variants develop the disease, which indicates that other factors are also involved.

Exposure to gluten is a key environmental factor in the development of celiac disease.

When genetically predisposed people consume foods containing gluten, the immune system reacts abnormally, triggering an inflammatory response in the small intestine.

This leads to the deterioration of the intestinal mucosa, impairing the absorption of essential nutrients.

Besides genetic factors and exposure to gluten, other elements can influence the development of celiac disease.

Viral infections, such as gastroenteritis, during childhood, can trigger the disease in genetically susceptible people.

Breastfeeding can also play a protective role, as exclusive breastfeeding for a prolonged period can reduce the risk of the disease appearing.

How is the disease diagnosed?

The diagnosis of celiac disease requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving the patient’s clinical history, laboratory tests, and specific tests.

Initially, the doctor will perform a thorough analysis of the symptoms and medical history of the patient, taking into account the presence of signs such as chronic diarrhea, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, abdominal pains, and nutritional deficiencies.

These indications may suggest the need to investigate celiac disease.

Laboratory tests are essential to assist in the diagnosis.

The blood test, for example, checks for the presence of specific antibodies (antigliadin, antitransglutaminase, and antiendomysium antibodies) that are produced by the immune system in response to exposure to gluten.

If these antibodies are elevated, it is an indication of the possibility of celiac disease.

To confirm the diagnosis, it is necessary to perform a biopsy of the small intestine.

During this procedure, small tissue samples are collected from the duodenum during a digestive endoscopy, for microscopic analysis.

The results reveal characteristic changes, such as flattening of the intestinal villi, which occur as a result of the autoimmune reaction triggered by gluten.

What is the treatment for celiac disease?

The treatment for this condition consists of adopting a gluten-free diet, completely eliminating foods that contain this substance.

The gluten-free diet involves the exclusion of breads, pastas, cakes, cookies, and processed foods that may contain any traces of gluten.

Read food labels carefully, as gluten can be present in less obvious ingredients, such as sauces, seasonings, and even some medications. Participating in a Celiac disease association also helps, as they already have a database on many industrialized foods that contain or do not contain gluten, facilitating the most appropriate choice.

To ensure correct nutrition, it is recommended to seek guidance from a dietitian specialized in celiac disease.

Vitamin supplements may be indicated to prevent nutritional deficiencies, especially of iron, calcium, and B complex vitamins.

And along with the diet, it is essential to maintain regular medical follow-up to monitor the evolution of the disease and nutritional status.

Conclusion

In summary, celiac disease is a serious condition that requires care and special attention to diet.

With the correct diagnosis and strict adherence to a gluten-free diet, symptoms can be controlled and affected people can lead a healthy and active life.

Image from Freepik

Hepatic steatosis, popularly known as fatty liver, is an increasingly common and worrying health condition. Characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in liver cells, hepatic steatosis can be caused by various factors that compromise its proper functioning.

It is necessary to identify the condition early, as hepatic steatosis can progress to more severe conditions.

Therefore, it is essential to understand this complex disease and discover how it can arise. 

In addition, the precise diagnosis of hepatic steatosis, through specific tests and analysis of clinical results, makes a big difference in the appropriate and quick treatment to reverse this condition. 

Lifestyle changes, such as a balanced diet and regular physical activity, play a crucial role in the prevention and control of hepatic steatosis. 

Discover what causes hepatic steatosis, how to diagnose and treat it with this complete guide. Don’t stop reading here!

What is fatty liver or hepatic steatosis?

Fatty liver, also known as hepatic steatosis, is a condition in which there is excessive accumulation of fat in liver cells.

This accumulation occurs when the organ cannot process and metabolize fat properly. 

Hepatic steatosis can be caused by various factors, and several conditions can accentuate the deposition of fat in the liver.

Fatty liver is a silent and often asymptomatic condition, but it can lead to serious complications if not treated. 

The accumulation of this fat in the organ can cause inflammation and injuries, and can progress to more severe liver diseases, such as, for example, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis.

What are the causes of hepatic steatosis?

Some metabolic factors, diseases or habits and lifestyle can contribute to the development of hepatic steatosis. Here are some of the causes:

1- Insulin Resistance:

Insulin resistance, characterized by the inability of cells to respond adequately to the effects of insulin, is a key factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis. It is more common in overweight and obese patients as we will see below.

Insulin resistance leads to an increase in blood glucose levels, which stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin, which leads to more difficulty in its function in the cell, generating an increase in blood glucose, thus creating a cycle.

Excess insulin promotes the synthesis of fatty acids (fat) in the liver, leading to its accumulation in the liver.

2- Overweight and Obesity:

Overweight and obesity are significant risk factors for the development of hepatic steatosis. 

Excess weight is often associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and low-grade chronic inflammation, which contribute to the accumulation of fat in the liver. 

The central distribution of fat, with accumulation of fat around the waist, known as visceral obesity, is particularly related to the increased risk of hepatic steatosis.

3- Inadequate diet:

An unbalanced diet, characterized by excessive consumption of calories, saturated fats, sugars and processed foods, can play a significant role in the development of hepatic steatosis. 

The diet rich in saturated fats and refined carbohydrates contributes to insulin resistance, promoting the synthesis and accumulation of fat in the liver.

4- Sedentary lifestyle:

Sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor for the disease, as lack of physical activity can lead to a decrease in energy expenditure and an increase in fat storage in the liver. 

5- Excessive alcohol consumption:

Although non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis is the most common form of fatty liver disease, excessive alcohol consumption can also lead to fat accumulation in the liver, resulting in alcoholic hepatic steatosis. 

Alcohol can cause inflammation in the liver, interfering with the organ’s ability to metabolize fats.

6- Hypertension and Diabetes

These two diseases are very common, and affect many patients, especially obese ones. They are risk factors that greatly increase the chance of hepatic steatosis. When present, along with obesity and dyslipidemia (alteration of cholesterol levels in the blood), we have a condition called Metabolic Syndrome or Syndrome X, which increases the risks of steatosis and cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes (cerebrovascular accidents).

How is the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis made?

Fortunately, the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis is generally simple and non-invasive. 

Doctors usually start with a complete clinical evaluation, taking into account the patient’s symptoms, medical history and risk factors. 

Then, blood laboratory tests are requested, such as liver enzyme levels, lipid profile, blood glucose and others, which can provide clues to the presence of fat in the liver.

In addition, abdominal ultrasound is one of the main tools to detect hepatic steatosis. 

This exam uses sound waves to create images of the liver, allowing doctors to identify the accumulation of fat in the organ.

Therefore, it can be said that the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis is a smart combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests and ultrasound, allowing doctors to identify the presence of this condition accurately and effectively to treat it as soon as possible.

What are the treatments for hepatic steatosis?

This condition can be reversible if treated properly, and there are several approaches that can help improve liver health and reverse fat accumulation. 

Some of the available treatment options include lifestyle changes.

This includes following a balanced diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins, while limiting the consumption of saturated fats and added sugars. 

In addition, it is recommended to practice regular physical activity, as exercise can help reduce the fat accumulated in the liver.

For individuals who are overweight or obese, weight loss is a crucial aspect of the treatment of hepatic steatosis.

The control of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia is also fundamental in the treatment of hepatic steatosis.

It is worth remembering that it is necessary to avoid alcohol consumption, as hepatic steatosis is often associated with excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages. 

In some cases, when lifestyle changes are not enough, the doctor may prescribe medications to treat hepatic steatosis, as they can help improve insulin sensitivity, reduce inflammation and fat in the liver. 

It is essential to have regular medical consultations to monitor the progression of the disease and adjust the treatment plan, if necessary. 

How to prevent hepatic steatosis?

Fortunately, there are simple and effective measures that we can adopt to prevent this condition and keep the liver healthy. 

Maintaining a balanced diet, controlling weight, adopting an active lifestyle, moderating alcohol consumption, having regular medical check-ups and avoiding self-medication are just a few important ways to prevent the disease.

With these habits, it is possible to promote a healthier life and prevent problems such as hepatic steatosis from impairing the proper functioning of the liver.

Conclusion

In summary, hepatic steatosis, or fatty liver, is a condition that results from the accumulation of fat in liver cells, caused mainly by unhealthy lifestyle habits. 

Early and accurate diagnosis is essential to start appropriate treatment, which involves lifestyle changes, such as balanced diet, exercise and various other routines.

Awareness of the risks of hepatic steatosis and the adoption of preventive measures are essential to preserve liver health and prevent more serious hepatic complications in the future. 

With appropriate actions, it is possible to control and reverse hepatic steatosis, allowing for a healthy and full life.

Talking about issues related to the stomach or any other organ that is part of the digestive system has become very common among people of all ages who want to have healthier habits.

The hiatal hernia, for example, a name that may be new to you, is a topic that has gained a lot of attention because it is a common finding in endoscopic or imaging exams.

But, you may be wondering… “What is a hiatal hernia? What are the main symptoms? How to diagnose? What are the most appropriate treatments? How to prevent?”

It may seem strange when we hear this name for the first time, but know that it is something common. Thinking about helping you to know more about the hiatal hernia, we have prepared an updated content rich in information that will keep you informed about everything.

Let’s go together!

What is a hiatal hernia?

Initially, it is important to say that the diaphragmatic hiatus is an opening in the diaphragm (breathing muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen) that opens for the passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach, in addition to important veins and arteries of our body.

Being very direct, the hiatal hernia is when a small portion of the stomach, which should always be completely inside the abdomen, rises through the diaphragm and penetrates the chest, precisely when the hiatus is wider than usual.

This abnormality is the displacement or overflow of a small portion of the stomach into the chest, usually occurring in overweight people, the elderly, or smokers.

The most common types of hiatal hernia

The sliding hernia and the paraesophageal hernia are the two main hiatal hernias that exist. Shall we get to know them?

Sliding hiatal hernia

The sliding hiatal hernia is the most common and is found when the junction of the esophagus to the stomach, which should be in the usual position below the diaphragm, projects upwards. It is the most common type of hiatal hernia.

Paraesophageal hiatal hernia

The paraesophageal hiatal hernia is different from the sliding hernia. In this type of hiatal hernia, the junction of the esophagus to the stomach remains in its usual place, but a part of the gastric fundus (the highest part of the stomach) ends up entering the chest next to the esophagus (paraesophageal means next to the esophagus).

These two types of hernia can also appear together, being called mixed hernias, which are rarer.

What are the symptoms?

Before we talk about the most known symptoms, we need to understand in the first place that the appearance of the hiatal hernia is not an indication of some disease.

This is because the hiatal hernia itself is not yet considered a disease by modern medicine, so it is simply seen as a small change in the anatomy of the stomach.

Although the hiatal hernia is not yet considered a specific disease, it can facilitate the appearance mainly of reflux, a sign of (GERD) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

So among the main symptoms are:

• constant belching;
• heartburn;
• chest pain;
• throat irritation followed by cough;
• regurgitation; and
• gastroesophageal reflux.
• In more severe cases, difficulty in eating

Remembering that many patients have a hiatal hernia, but do not present symptoms, only discovering after performing exams for other reasons.

The detail is that reflux can arise from several factors very similar to those of the hernia, such as: excess food, excess caffeine, smoking, excess physical exercise and obesity that is growing alarmingly in our country.

To avoid doubt, it is interesting to seek a specialist doctor and do the exams, ok?

How to diagnose?

The diagnosis of the hiatal hernia is very simple and can be done in a routine exam or even by more specific requests.

The exams normally requested to verify the existence of the hiatal hernia are endoscopy, manometry, esophageal pHmetry and contrasted radiography of the esophagus.

We cannot fail to emphasize that it is always important to visit the doctor regularly, even without presenting some of the symptoms already mentioned, after all, prevention still makes a lot of difference.

If you do not present the symptoms, but want to recover or maintain the health of the intestinal apparatus, visiting the doctor periodically is essential.

What are the treatment options?

In cases where the person presented some of the described symptoms of reflux and already has the diagnosis of hiatal hernia, the next step is to start corrective actions with the most appropriate treatment.

In simpler cases, the most indicated treatment is the use of medications such as antacids that directly combat the symptoms aiming at their reduction or the total elimination of symptoms related to reflux.

For more severe cases, where the reflux treatment is not responding adequately or there are more important symptoms, the specialist may request a laparoscopy surgery (which is a very well-known procedure and commonly used also for stomach reduction, gallbladder removal and appendicitis treatment), where the stomach is repositioned inside the abdomen and the opening of the diaphragmatic hiatus is reduced to the normal size, thus correcting the anatomical defect.

Good news is that, generally, the basic treatment with the use of medications reduces and even eliminates the symptoms, without the need for corrective surgery.

Prevention tips

Prevention is the first path to a healthier life and if the goal is to take some care with our health, the fact is that following some steps make a huge difference in the short and long term.

It seems like a cliché, but it’s the pure truth. Since you’ve come this far and want to know how to prevent a hiatal hernia, check out these super useful tips we’ve listed for you.

Some of the following tips are even very obvious and concern our behavior in small daily attitudes. Check out the list with me:

• avoid wearing tight clothes, especially in the abdominal region;
• avoid excessive consumption of spicy and fatty foods, alcohol, caffeine, chocolate, citrus fruits, tomato sauce and tobacco;
• avoid excess liquids during meals;
• fractionate the amount of food per meal;
• maintain the body mass index within normal standards (lose weight, if necessary); and
• seriously follow the treatment prescribed by the doctor.

If you also intend to have a more balanced routine and have a healthy life, do not stop following these steps.

These are actions that contribute a lot to the good state of our body and, consequently, to a healthier aging.

Conclusion

After learning many important information about the hiatal hernia, from the most recurrent related symptoms, to the main forms of treatment and prevention, you became curious and eager to learn more about the digestive system, didn’t you?

So, you are on the Gastroblog, the right place to stay informed about everything that involves the health of the digestive system.

The Gastroblog is a specialized site that provides updated and very well elaborated content based on solid information provided by the best and most renowned professionals in the area.

With a clear and didactic approach, we always provide guidance and tips to assist you in a totally online and free way.

Our mission is to help you always find the best answers to your doubts with what is newest in the area of medicine. We are looking forward to helping you.

Image by Robystarm from Pixabay

If you suffer from hemorrhoids, you know how uncomfortable this condition can be and how it can affect your quality of life.

At EndoBlog, we have prepared this article for those who have questions about how hemorrhoids are diagnosed and the treatment options available. Follow along.

What are hemorrhoids and how do they develop

Hemorrhoids are a common condition that affects many people at some point in their lives. They manifest when the veins around the anus or rectum become dilated, causing pain and bleeding.

There are two types of hemorrhoids: internal and external:

• Internal hemorrhoids are found above the anal sphincter and are more difficult to identify;
• External hemorrhoids are visible at the edge of the anus and resemble varicose veins or blood vessel clumps.

Causes

Some of the main causes are:

• Genetic predisposition. In this case, it is important to note that a person can develop hemorrhoids even if there are no cases in the family;
• Diet low in fiber and insufficient water intake;
• During pregnancy, when the fetus exerts pressure on the veins in the lower abdomen;
• Obesity, which, like pregnancy, causes pressure on the abdominal veins;
• Constipation;
• Sedentary lifestyle, which impairs food digestion and blood flow to the anus.

Grades of hemorrhoids

Internal hemorrhoids are classified into four grades according to the severity of the case:

Grade I hemorrhoids: do not prolapse outside the anus;

Grade II hemorrhoids: prolapse outside the anus during bowel movements but return spontaneously inside;

Grade III hemorrhoids: prolapse from the anus and need to be manually relocated inside;

Grade IV hemorrhoids: permanently prolapsed outside the anus and cannot be relocated inside.

Symptoms

Symptoms that indicate the presence of hemorrhoids:

• Presence of a noticeable lump in the anus;
• Bleeding after bowel movements, resulting from the rupture of anal veins;
• Unrelenting itching, caused by increased tension on nerve endings;
• Burning during or after bowel movements.

How is the diagnosis of hemorrhoids made?

To diagnose hemorrhoids, a physical examination is usually sufficient in the case of external hemorrhoids.

For internal ones, a rectal examination and anoscopy are necessary, performed during the proctological exam.

It is important to emphasize that, in elderly patients with rectal bleeding, even if hemorrhoids are identified, a colonoscopy is recommended to rule out other possible causes.

Hemorrhoids: all possible treatments

The treatment for hemorrhoids begins with diet, but in many cases, it is necessary to take medications and/or apply ointments to the area. Understand.

Eat more fiber and drink more water

One of the main recommendations for treating hemorrhoids is to maintain a diet rich in fiber and drink plenty of water.

Consuming whole foods, leafy vegetables, and fruits with skin at every meal helps to soften stools and facilitate evacuation, relieving discomfort.

In addition, it is important to drink at least 2 liters of water daily, aiming for better fiber absorption and proper intestinal function.

Use hemorrhoid cream

Hemorrhoid creams are a treatment option available to relieve symptoms of pain and discomfort caused by inflammation and/or dilation of the veins around the anus/rectum.

However, it is important to highlight that these creams should only be used under medical supervision.

Add pain medications

There are different types of medications to treat hemorrhoids: analgesics and medications to reduce swelling and bleeding.

Band ligation for hemorrhoids

During the proctological exam, band ligation can be performed for the hemorrhoids to sclerose, and other sessions may be necessary to resolve the problem.

Surgery for hemorrhoids

Surgery for hemorrhoids is a treatment generally reserved for more severe cases, such as when the hemorrhoid undergoes thrombosis or ruptures.

We emphasize that, after surgery, it is important to continue following a diet rich in fiber and avoid straining during bowel movements, to prevent the appearance of new hemorrhoids.

Get to know EndoBlog

Through EndoBlog, a team of gastroenterologists conveys a series of truthful and highly informative content about conditions that affect the digestive system, examinations, and tips to improve your quality of life.

Follow EndoBlog firsthand and access all articles for free.